Building and structure

Building depth

The dimension of a hall from the dock side to the rear wall.

Depth defines how goods-in, storage and goods-out are arranged. Single-sided loading needs less depth than cross-docking buildings with doors on both sides. Halls that are too deep lengthen travel distances, halls that are too shallow waste racking space.

Depth and material flow

Single-sided buildings work with a U-flow: goods-in and goods-out are on the same side, with storage behind. Through buildings with doors on both long sides allow an I-flow suited to cross-docking and high throughput. Depth should match the staging zone, racking rows and travel paths.

Divisibility

Depth and length also determine how a building can be split into units. Each tenant needs its own doors, office connection and escape routes. Very deep buildings with doors on one side only are harder to divide into narrow units, because the rear areas have no loading access.

Single-sided loading: often 90 to 130 m
Cross-docking: rather 60 to 80 m, doors on both sides

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